ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY - Writiy IAS

ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY

Environment and Ecology Topic-Wise PYQs Book

Environment and Ecology Topic-Wise PYQs Book

Environment & Ecology Topic-Wise PYQs For UPSC CSE PRELIMS ENVIRONMENT & ECOLOGY TOPIC-WISE PYQs BOOK ● COMPLETE E-BOOK ENGLISH ED…

All Environment and Ecology PYQs UPSC CSE 2025 Prelims

All Environment and Ecology PYQs UPSC CSE 2025 Prelims

Q1. With reference to the planet Earth, consider the following statements: [2025] I. Rain forests produce more oxygen than that produced by oceans. …

Top 50 Important Species

Top 50 Important Species

S.No. Species/Group Ecological Role / Importance IUCN Status (if applicable) Region / Notes UPSC/PYQ Relevance 1 Bees (Apis spp.) P…

Deep-Sea Mining at a Crossroads: ISA Negotiations in Jamaica Confront Industry Deadlines and Environmental Imperatives

Deep-Sea Mining at a Crossroads: ISA Negotiations in Jamaica Confront Industry Deadlines and Environmental Imperatives

Negotiations on Deep-Sea Mining Code Begin Amid Rising Pressure Negotiations to finalize regulations for deep-sea mining in international waters ha…

Climate change is significantly disrupting the Earth's water cycle, intensifying extreme weather events like flooding, droughts, and storms due to rising temperatures and atmospheric moisture

Climate change is significantly disrupting the Earth's water cycle, intensifying extreme weather events like flooding, droughts, and storms due to rising temperatures and atmospheric moisture

The global water crisis in 2024 resulted in record-breaking rainfall, increased dry months, severe water-related disasters, and economic losses excee…

<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.blogger.com/static/v1/widgets/1581542668-widgets.js"></script>
<script type='text/javascript'>
window['__wavt'] = 'AOuZoY5GeZ5FTi3e5jMFqFkTK6TYf7FTwA:1765728625115';_WidgetManager._Init('//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID\x3d8939142935318385546','//www.writiyias.com/search/label/ENVIRONMENT%20AND%20ECOLOGY','8939142935318385546');
_WidgetManager._SetDataContext([{'name': 'blog', 'data': {'blogId': '8939142935318385546', 'title': 'Writiy IAS', 'url': 'https://www.writiyias.com/search/label/ENVIRONMENT%20AND%20ECOLOGY', 'canonicalUrl': 'https://www.writiyias.com/search/label/ENVIRONMENT%20AND%20ECOLOGY', 'homepageUrl': 'https://www.writiyias.com/', 'searchUrl': 'https://www.writiyias.com/search', 'canonicalHomepageUrl': 'https://www.writiyias.com/', 'blogspotFaviconUrl': 'https://www.writiyias.com/favicon.ico', 'bloggerUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com', 'hasCustomDomain': true, 'httpsEnabled': true, 'enabledCommentProfileImages': true, 'gPlusViewType': 'FILTERED_POSTMOD', 'adultContent': false, 'analyticsAccountNumber': '', 'encoding': 'UTF-8', 'locale': 'en-GB', 'localeUnderscoreDelimited': 'en_gb', 'languageDirection': 'ltr', 'isPrivate': false, 'isMobile': false, 'isMobileRequest': false, 'mobileClass': '', 'isPrivateBlog': false, 'isDynamicViewsAvailable': true, 'feedLinks': '\x3clink rel\x3d\x22alternate\x22 type\x3d\x22application/atom+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22Writiy IAS - Atom\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.writiyias.com/feeds/posts/default\x22 /\x3e\n\x3clink rel\x3d\x22alternate\x22 type\x3d\x22application/rss+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22Writiy IAS - RSS\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.writiyias.com/feeds/posts/default?alt\x3drss\x22 /\x3e\n\x3clink rel\x3d\x22service.post\x22 type\x3d\x22application/atom+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22Writiy IAS - Atom\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.blogger.com/feeds/8939142935318385546/posts/default\x22 /\x3e\n', 'meTag': '\x3clink rel\x3d\x22me\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.blogger.com/profile/02309847971796672839\x22 /\x3e\n', 'adsenseClientId': 'ca-pub-9126614984338400', 'adsenseHostId': 'ca-host-pub-1556223355139109', 'adsenseHasAds': false, 'adsenseAutoAds': false, 'boqCommentIframeForm': true, 'loginRedirectParam': '', 'view': '', 'dynamicViewsCommentsSrc': '//www.blogblog.com/dynamicviews/4224c15c4e7c9321/js/comments.js', 'dynamicViewsScriptSrc': '//www.blogblog.com/dynamicviews/ce4a0ba1ae8a0475', 'plusOneApiSrc': 'https://apis.google.com/js/platform.js', 'disableGComments': true, 'interstitialAccepted': false, 'sharing': {'platforms': [{'name': 'Get link', 'key': 'link', 'shareMessage': 'Get link', 'target': ''}, {'name': 'Facebook', 'key': 'facebook', 'shareMessage': 'Share to Facebook', 'target': 'facebook'}, {'name': 'BlogThis!', 'key': 'blogThis', 'shareMessage': 'BlogThis!', 'target': 'blog'}, {'name': 'X', 'key': 'twitter', 'shareMessage': 'Share to X', 'target': 'twitter'}, {'name': 'Pinterest', 'key': 'pinterest', 'shareMessage': 'Share to Pinterest', 'target': 'pinterest'}, {'name': 'Email', 'key': 'email', 'shareMessage': 'Email', 'target': 'email'}], 'disableGooglePlus': true, 'googlePlusShareButtonWidth': 0, 'googlePlusBootstrap': '\x3cscript type\x3d\x22text/javascript\x22\x3ewindow.___gcfg \x3d {\x27lang\x27: \x27en_GB\x27};\x3c/script\x3e'}, 'hasCustomJumpLinkMessage': false, 'jumpLinkMessage': 'Read more', 'pageType': 'index', 'searchLabel': 'ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY', 'pageName': 'ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY', 'pageTitle': 'Writiy IAS: ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY', 'metaDescription': 'Writiy IAS is dedicated to the preparation for the UPSC Civil Services Examination, providing mentorship and study materials.'}}, {'name': 'features', 'data': {}}, {'name': 'messages', 'data': {'edit': 'Edit', 'linkCopiedToClipboard': 'Link copied to clipboard', 'ok': 'Ok', 'postLink': 'Post link'}}, {'name': 'template', 'data': {'name': 'custom', 'localizedName': 'Custom', 'isResponsive': true, 'isAlternateRendering': false, 'isCustom': true}}, {'name': 'view', 'data': {'classic': {'name': 'classic', 'url': '?view\x3dclassic'}, 'flipcard': {'name': 'flipcard', 'url': '?view\x3dflipcard'}, 'magazine': {'name': 'magazine', 'url': '?view\x3dmagazine'}, 'mosaic': {'name': 'mosaic', 'url': '?view\x3dmosaic'}, 'sidebar': {'name': 'sidebar', 'url': '?view\x3dsidebar'}, 'snapshot': {'name': 'snapshot', 'url': '?view\x3dsnapshot'}, 'timeslide': {'name': 'timeslide', 'url': '?view\x3dtimeslide'}, 'isMobile': false, 'title': 'Writiy IAS', 'description': 'Writiy IAS is dedicated to the preparation for the UPSC Civil Services Examination, providing mentorship and study materials.', 'url': 'https://www.writiyias.com/search/label/ENVIRONMENT%20AND%20ECOLOGY', 'type': 'feed', 'isSingleItem': false, 'isMultipleItems': true, 'isError': false, 'isPage': false, 'isPost': false, 'isHomepage': false, 'isArchive': false, 'isSearch': true, 'isLabelSearch': true, 'search': {'label': 'ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY', 'resultsMessage': 'Showing posts with the label ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY', 'resultsMessageHtml': 'Showing posts with the label \x3cspan class\x3d\x27search-label\x27\x3eENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY\x3c/span\x3e'}}}, {'name': 'widgets', 'data': [{'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Maintenance', 'id': 'HTML19'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Maintenance', 'id': 'HTML3'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Maintenance', 'id': 'HTML1'}, {'title': 'Writiy IAS (Header)', 'type': 'Header', 'sectionId': 'sec_Header_Title', 'id': 'Header01'}, {'title': 'Search on \x27WritiyIAS\x27', 'type': 'BlogSearch', 'sectionId': 'sec_Header_Search', 'id': 'BlogSearch01'}, {'title': 'Header Icon', 'type': 'TextList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Header_Icon', 'id': 'TextList01'}, {'title': 'Bookmark Posts', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Header_Icon', 'id': 'LinkList02'}, {'title': 'Translate', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Header_Icon', 'id': 'LinkList03'}, {'title': 'Navigation Menu', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Nav_Widgets_1', 'id': 'HTML01'}, {'title': 'Additional Links', 'type': 'PageList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Nav_Widgets_2', 'id': 'PageList02'}, {'title': 'Social Links', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Nav_Widgets_2', 'id': 'LinkList04'}, {'title': 'Notification', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Under_Header', 'id': 'LinkList06'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Horizontal-Ad', 'id': 'HTML4'}, {'title': 'Under Header Ad', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Horizontal-Ad', 'id': 'LinkList81'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'Image', 'sectionId': 'sec_Carousel', 'id': 'Image01'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'Image', 'sectionId': 'sec_Carousel', 'id': 'Image02'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'Image', 'sectionId': 'sec_Carousel', 'id': 'Image03'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Top_Widgets', 'id': 'HTML5'}, {'title': 'Above Pinned Post Ad', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Top_Widgets', 'id': 'LinkList82'}, {'title': 'Pinned Post', 'type': 'FeaturedPost', 'sectionId': 'sec_Top_Widgets', 'id': 'FeaturedPost01', 'postId': '3430676629631152370'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Main_Widgets', 'id': 'HTML6'}, {'title': 'Above Posts Ad [Desktop]', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Main_Widgets', 'id': 'LinkList83'}, {'title': 'Blog Posts', 'type': 'Blog', 'sectionId': 'sec_Main_Widgets', 'id': 'Blog01', 'posts': [{'id': '4775241242368796074', 'title': 'Environment and Ecology Topic-Wise PYQs Book', 'featuredImage': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDlsUIFnMnYfwdkPtQDOo11bywm0cELgIa0ROD5nIyviLKelaUNMIQi-jp6d0Aa6mvsnak_9k8Pts_QQlLbmOfk3OVXfeJFt4P_Tx3VPYPXf7Bh49DBvY0nsxbKnEEU7MmvPD-_7XXEUFc9X5DO7nrywql8Y9pkjVQiAw0agFF7b9VOr7Sg5Rl9jgL9qQ6/s16000/Pre%20ENV%20-%20Page%201.jpg', 'showInlineAds': false}, {'id': '2990932800688948307', 'title': 'All Environment and Ecology PYQs UPSC CSE 2025 Prelims', 'featuredImage': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj93zp_tJDOEPplntNHS7Y0F-wF8hnUjdxCXzSsHiNV03kAcKAje8jHw3cRovmWzqY182lhXXMMBTKDTaIkQIh8vatoYo8ywrukpFi8zioe5Q9chDUyx2I67t6-I_xR5aYSwKJNRcjMwVWB-m30U-fhIVffiZ0zVtNlhKChrT2nD7bET3zvhaYZPhToo3Wg/s320/Environment%20and%20Ecology%20Questions%20UPSC%20CSE%20Prelims%202025.jpg', 'showInlineAds': false}, {'id': '675798923759222883', 'title': 'Top 50 Important Species', 'featuredImage': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuPjAUt9Wt6CZDiIqOFHdy9nwbDs6ZMqJ8RH3hDnrg4OoP8TvpSnlJd6EKLMPCyN9wkdq2xzsYKS_eZJGXQh9uCz1HDadTWwajBv9_fIUZbx6YguX6bV5Fs3aE8F4X98nVEKAo7DjCtbKBoPxie0hWm0uOVY8zPwpdAzZe_G5zx8uNKq2wgYcqi7WFZoOh/s320/Environment%20and%20Ecology%20Notes%20for%20UPSC.jpg', 'showInlineAds': false}, {'id': '3397032838822038857', 'title': 'Deep-Sea Mining at a Crossroads: ISA Negotiations in Jamaica Confront Industry Deadlines and Environmental Imperatives', 'featuredImage': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoP0hoja9JJ8-nuqd-jHAVdAxjSdmS9cFaBuctPXfp7-j787tUG8NUQ20fb7FdchT1KMSX-78QmNSUZOuHlmpwDrF98wb3JuMiF0Iy1K5jMHJIpozSRx0OOkheFLJWsoQ1EWs8B5-kWwc_iUG_TwZa8AYzD7SyufuQjplY9NuP9S4-JCAuEVdcX41taVKC/s320/Current_Affairs_WritiyIAS.jpg', 'showInlineAds': false}, {'id': '3440261059330857272', 'title': 'Climate change is significantly disrupting the Earth\x27s water cycle, intensifying extreme weather events like flooding, droughts, and storms due to rising temperatures and atmospheric moisture', 'featuredImage': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDhOkFXY5B1th59mJWCAeP0_-ZLA8qIRVtZtru40Yq82wXl2rZTuRffW6lpL486mFAqxr6c06uT6Gv8tbeMSq3gz3LRkCGfz_24Ot9K4O8RKoKuETk8-vM7ae_2FFqvUQzXks-7KQ01NvAYJGtplc8eggqmqDSgy4ZJ2dwn53D-ptFa3DWyb0LiT75sjMF/s320/Current_Affairs_WritiyIAS.jpg', 'showInlineAds': false}], 'footerBylines': [{'regionName': 'footer1', 'items': [{'name': 'timestamp', 'label': 'On'}, {'name': 'comments', 'label': 'Comment'}]}, {'regionName': 'footer2', 'items': [{'name': 'labels', 'label': 'in'}]}, {'regionName': 'footer3', 'items': [{'name': 'location', 'label': 'Location:'}]}], 'allBylineItems': [{'name': 'timestamp', 'label': 'On'}, {'name': 'comments', 'label': 'Comment'}, {'name': 'labels', 'label': 'in'}, {'name': 'location', 'label': 'Location:'}]}, {'title': 'Categorized Posts', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Main_Widgets', 'id': 'LinkList08'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Main_Widgets', 'id': 'HTML7'}, {'title': 'Post Middle Ads', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Main_Widgets', 'id': 'LinkList84'}, {'title': 'Table of contents', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Main_Widgets', 'id': 'HTML11'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Bottom_Widgets', 'id': 'HTML12'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Bottom_Widgets', 'id': 'HTML2'}, {'title': 'Below Posts Ad', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Bottom_Widgets', 'id': 'LinkList85'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Side_Widgets', 'id': 'HTML8'}, {'title': 'Useful links', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Side_Widgets', 'id': 'LinkList2'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'Image', 'sectionId': 'sec_Side_Widgets', 'id': 'Image2'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Side_Widgets', 'id': 'HTML15'}, {'title': 'Indian Polity Topic-wise PYQs Book', 'type': 'Image', 'sectionId': 'sec_Side_Widgets', 'id': 'Image3'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Side_Widgets', 'id': 'HTML10'}, {'title': 'Economy Topic-Wise PYQs Book', 'type': 'Image', 'sectionId': 'sec_Side_Widgets', 'id': 'Image1'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'Image', 'sectionId': 'sec_Side_Widgets', 'id': 'Image4'}, {'title': 'Labels', 'type': 'Label', 'sectionId': 'sec_Side_Widgets', 'id': 'Label01'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'Image', 'sectionId': 'sec_Side_Widgets', 'id': 'Image5'}, {'title': 'Important links', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Side_Widgets', 'id': 'LinkList1'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Side_Sticky', 'id': 'HTML13'}, {'title': 'Mains Topic-wise PYQs Book', 'type': 'Image', 'sectionId': 'sec_Side_Sticky', 'id': 'Image6'}, {'title': 'Sticky Ad [Desktop]', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Side_Sticky', 'id': 'LinkList86'}, {'title': 'Take me back', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Error_404', 'id': 'HTML404'}, {'title': 'Writiy IAS (Header)', 'type': 'Header', 'sectionId': 'sec_Footer_Organization', 'id': 'Header1'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'Text', 'sectionId': 'sec_Footer_Organization', 'id': 'Text1'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Footer_Organization', 'id': 'HTML16'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Footer_Bottom', 'id': 'HTML17'}, {'title': 'Credit', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Footer_Bottom', 'id': 'HTML21'}, {'title': 'Anchor Ad [Mobile]', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Anchor_Ad', 'id': 'LinkList87'}, {'title': 'Labels', 'type': 'Label', 'sectionId': 'sec_Theme_Hidden', 'id': 'Label41'}, {'title': '\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09be\u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u09ab\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae', 'type': 'ContactForm', 'sectionId': 'sec_Theme_Hidden', 'id': 'ContactForm41'}, {'title': 'Pageviews last month', 'type': 'Stats', 'sectionId': 'sec_Theme_Hidden', 'id': 'Stats41'}, {'title': 'Firebase Configurations', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Addon_Widgets', 'id': 'LinkList61'}, {'title': 'Progressive Web App', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sec_Addon_Widgets', 'id': 'LinkList62'}, {'title': 'AdBlock detected!', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sec_Addon_Widgets', 'id': 'HTML61'}, {'title': 'Image Uploader', 'type': 'Image', 'sectionId': 'sec_Addon_Widgets', 'id': 'Image61'}]}]);
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML19', 'sec_Maintenance', document.getElementById('HTML19'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML3', 'sec_Maintenance', document.getElementById('HTML3'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML1', 'sec_Maintenance', document.getElementById('HTML1'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HeaderView', new _WidgetInfo('Header01', 'sec_Header_Title', document.getElementById('Header01'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_BlogSearchView', new _WidgetInfo('BlogSearch01', 'sec_Header_Search', document.getElementById('BlogSearch01'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_TextListView', new _WidgetInfo('TextList01', 'sec_Header_Icon', document.getElementById('TextList01'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList02', 'sec_Header_Icon', document.getElementById('LinkList02'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList03', 'sec_Header_Icon', document.getElementById('LinkList03'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML01', 'sec_Nav_Widgets_1', document.getElementById('HTML01'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_PageListView', new _WidgetInfo('PageList02', 'sec_Nav_Widgets_2', document.getElementById('PageList02'), {'title': 'Additional Links', 'links': [{'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': '/p/sitemap.html', 'title': 'Sitemap'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': '#', 'title': 'Disclaimer'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': '#', 'title': 'Privacy'}], 'mobile': false, 'showPlaceholder': true, 'hasCurrentPage': false}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList04', 'sec_Nav_Widgets_2', document.getElementById('LinkList04'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList06', 'sec_Under_Header', document.getElementById('LinkList06'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML4', 'sec_Horizontal-Ad', document.getElementById('HTML4'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList81', 'sec_Horizontal-Ad', document.getElementById('LinkList81'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ImageView', new _WidgetInfo('Image01', 'sec_Carousel', document.getElementById('Image01'), {'resize': true}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ImageView', new _WidgetInfo('Image02', 'sec_Carousel', document.getElementById('Image02'), {'resize': false}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ImageView', new _WidgetInfo('Image03', 'sec_Carousel', document.getElementById('Image03'), {'resize': false}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML5', 'sec_Top_Widgets', document.getElementById('HTML5'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList82', 'sec_Top_Widgets', document.getElementById('LinkList82'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_FeaturedPostView', new _WidgetInfo('FeaturedPost01', 'sec_Top_Widgets', document.getElementById('FeaturedPost01'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML6', 'sec_Main_Widgets', document.getElementById('HTML6'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList83', 'sec_Main_Widgets', document.getElementById('LinkList83'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_BlogView', new _WidgetInfo('Blog01', 'sec_Main_Widgets', document.getElementById('Blog01'), {'cmtInteractionsEnabled': false, 'navMessage': 'Showing posts with label \x3cb\x3eENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY\x3c/b\x3e. \x3ca href\x3d\x22https://www.writiyias.com/\x22\x3eShow all posts\x3c/a\x3e', 'lightboxEnabled': true, 'lightboxModuleUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/static/v1/jsbin/2383197431-lbx__en_gb.js', 'lightboxCssUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/static/v1/v-css/828616780-lightbox_bundle.css'}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList08', 'sec_Main_Widgets', document.getElementById('LinkList08'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML7', 'sec_Main_Widgets', document.getElementById('HTML7'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList84', 'sec_Main_Widgets', document.getElementById('LinkList84'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML11', 'sec_Main_Widgets', document.getElementById('HTML11'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML12', 'sec_Bottom_Widgets', document.getElementById('HTML12'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML2', 'sec_Bottom_Widgets', document.getElementById('HTML2'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList85', 'sec_Bottom_Widgets', document.getElementById('LinkList85'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML8', 'sec_Side_Widgets', document.getElementById('HTML8'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList2', 'sec_Side_Widgets', document.getElementById('LinkList2'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ImageView', new _WidgetInfo('Image2', 'sec_Side_Widgets', document.getElementById('Image2'), {'resize': false}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML15', 'sec_Side_Widgets', document.getElementById('HTML15'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ImageView', new _WidgetInfo('Image3', 'sec_Side_Widgets', document.getElementById('Image3'), {'resize': false}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML10', 'sec_Side_Widgets', document.getElementById('HTML10'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ImageView', new _WidgetInfo('Image1', 'sec_Side_Widgets', document.getElementById('Image1'), {'resize': false}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ImageView', new _WidgetInfo('Image4', 'sec_Side_Widgets', document.getElementById('Image4'), {'resize': false}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LabelView', new _WidgetInfo('Label01', 'sec_Side_Widgets', document.getElementById('Label01'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ImageView', new _WidgetInfo('Image5', 'sec_Side_Widgets', document.getElementById('Image5'), {'resize': false}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList1', 'sec_Side_Widgets', document.getElementById('LinkList1'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML13', 'sec_Side_Sticky', document.getElementById('HTML13'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ImageView', new _WidgetInfo('Image6', 'sec_Side_Sticky', document.getElementById('Image6'), {'resize': false}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList86', 'sec_Side_Sticky', document.getElementById('LinkList86'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML404', 'sec_Error_404', document.getElementById('HTML404'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HeaderView', new _WidgetInfo('Header1', 'sec_Footer_Organization', document.getElementById('Header1'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_TextView', new _WidgetInfo('Text1', 'sec_Footer_Organization', document.getElementById('Text1'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML16', 'sec_Footer_Organization', document.getElementById('HTML16'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML17', 'sec_Footer_Bottom', document.getElementById('HTML17'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML21', 'sec_Footer_Bottom', document.getElementById('HTML21'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList87', 'sec_Anchor_Ad', document.getElementById('LinkList87'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LabelView', new _WidgetInfo('Label41', 'sec_Theme_Hidden', document.getElementById('Label41'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ContactFormView', new _WidgetInfo('ContactForm41', 'sec_Theme_Hidden', document.getElementById('ContactForm41'), {'contactFormMessageSendingMsg': 'Sending...', 'contactFormMessageSentMsg': 'Your message has been sent.', 'contactFormMessageNotSentMsg': 'Message could not be sent. Please try again later.', 'contactFormInvalidEmailMsg': 'A valid email address is required.', 'contactFormEmptyMessageMsg': 'Message field cannot be empty.', 'title': '\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09be\u09af\u09cb\u0997 \u09ab\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae', 'blogId': '8939142935318385546', 'contactFormNameMsg': 'Name', 'contactFormEmailMsg': 'Email', 'contactFormMessageMsg': 'Message', 'contactFormSendMsg': 'Send', 'contactFormToken': 'AOuZoY4mHkZvwp7teM2PUQmCGHZdfIadGw:1765728625117', 'submitUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/contact-form.do'}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_StatsView', new _WidgetInfo('Stats41', 'sec_Theme_Hidden', document.getElementById('Stats41'), {'title': 'Pageviews last month', 'showGraphicalCounter': false, 'showAnimatedCounter': false, 'showSparkline': true, 'statsUrl': '//www.writiyias.com/b/stats?style\x3dBLACK_TRANSPARENT\x26timeRange\x3dLAST_WEEK\x26token\x3dAPq4FmAZO-_lxTf84CaMlbsq9NKUBMoUEtHAAjYRmaTWBYXqezBcM04nvm4YXCNAJsZOc7ff6L_fU6b8of5GzzgtnEpOm9i2Ag'}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList61', 'sec_Addon_Widgets', document.getElementById('LinkList61'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList62', 'sec_Addon_Widgets', document.getElementById('LinkList62'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML61', 'sec_Addon_Widgets', document.getElementById('HTML61'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));
_WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ImageView', new _WidgetInfo('Image61', 'sec_Addon_Widgets', document.getElementById('Image61'), {'resize': false}, 'displayModeFull'));
</script>
</body>