The normative approach in political science
The normative approach in political science centers on evaluating the ethical and moral aspects of political life, focusing on how political actions, policies, and institutions align with certain ideals or values. This approach is distinct from the empirical approach, which aims to observe and analyze political phenomena without engaging in moral judgment. According to Harold Lasswell and Abraham Kaplan, political theory involves two key components: empirical propositions and value judgments. The empirical side deals with the facts—understanding how political systems work and the impact of various policies. In contrast, the normative side addresses what ought to be, tackling questions such as what constitutes a just society or the ideal form of government. Normative political theory is inherently prescriptive, offering recommendations for achieving desirable political outcomes based on ethical principles. It draws from philosophical traditions like liberalism, which emphasizes individua…
