|
Parliamentary Government |
Presidential Government |
|
De
jure/ nominal Head - President / Queen (UK) |
De
jure / de facto head - President |
|
De-facto
Head / Head of Government - Prime Minister. |
Executive -
not part of Legislature; Members of Congress if appointed cease to be members
of Congress. |
|
Prime
Minister elected by Parliament |
President
elected by people |
|
Council
of Ministers, responsible to the Parliament (Lower House) -
principle of collective responsibility; responsible govt; high accountability. |
Executive neither
member nor responsible to the Legislature; based on doctrine of
separation of powers. |
|
President
works on the aid and advice of Council of Ministers. |
Presidents is
independent; free to choose his ministers. |
|
Low
on stability; Principle of checks and balances. |
High
on stability; Low on Accountability. |
|
Executive
can appoint only members of Parliament as Ministers. |
President
can appoint anyone as Minister. |
|
India,
United Kingdom etc. |
United
States of America etc. |